The Role Of Parent-Adolescent Dialogue In Preventing Teenage Pregnancy: A Study Of James Town

Abstract

This study examined parent–adolescent communication on sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in James Town, Ghana, using a mixed-methods approach involving surveys (n=100) and interviews (n=10). The research explored the frequency, content, and effectiveness of SRH discussions, as well as the cultural, emotional, and structural factors influencing these interactions. Quantitative findings revealed that nearly half of adolescents rarely or never discuss SRH with their parents, with communication often shaped by taboos, fear of punishment, and parental discomfort. Qualitative insights further highlighted that conversations were commonly reactive, moralistic, or event-driven rather than proactive and supportive. Adolescents frequently relied on peers, media, and school sources due to limited parental engagement, contributing to misinformation risks. Despite these challenges, some families demonstrated open, trust-based dialogue associated with improved knowledge and safer behaviors. The study concludes that enhancing SRH communication requires a multi-level approach involving parental capacity building, school–family partnerships, and culturally sensitive community engagement. Recommendations emphasize skills-based parent training, digital literacy support, and gender-responsive communication strategies. The study contributes to understanding the socio-cultural dynamics shaping SRH dialogue and provides practical guidance for strengthening adolescent health interventions in urban Ghanaian communities.