Exploring The Lived Experiences of Immigrants in Ghana: A Phenomenological Study

Abstract

This study explores the lived experiences of immigrants residing in Accra, Ghana, focusing on their motivations for migration, levels of satisfaction, challenges encountered, and coping strategies. Using a qualitative, phenomenological research approach, the study draws insights from semi-structured interviews conducted with adult immigrants from ECOWAS countries who have lived in Accra for at least one year. Participants shared narratives that revealed complex motivations driven by economic hardship, unemployment, insecurity, and political instability in their home countries. Ghana’s relative peace, political stability, and infrastructural reliability emerged as key pull factors. Despite these advantages, immigrants reported facing challenges such as high living costs, limited access to housing and public services, and discrimination in employment and social interactions. Nevertheless, many demonstrated resilience through entrepreneurship, community solidarity, and participation in informal networks that provided social and emotional support. The study concludes that while Ghana’s open regional policies facilitate migration, gaps remain in integration and institutional support. It recommends strengthened policy implementation, anti-discrimination measures, and community-based integration programs to enhance immigrant well-being and inclusion.